Cardiology & Cardiovascular Research

Open Access

Abstract

Clinical Profile and Risk Factors of Dilated Cardiomyopathy with 10 Years Follow- Up: A Study from South India

Pramod Kumar Kuchulakanti, Kandadai Rukmini Mridula, Srinivasa Anurag Kuchulakanti, Srinivasarao Bandaru VCS

Introduction: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease of the heart muscle, causing ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors, clinical profile, mortality and long-term fellow up in dilated cardiomyopathy patients.

Methods We prospectively recruited 210 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. All patients were evaluated for cardiac risk factors, thyroid profile, ECG, 2DEcho and were followed up at 6 months or one-year intervals.

Results: Out of 210 patients, men were 162(77.1%), mean age was 60.0±11.7 years, 142(67.6%) were in ≤64 years age group. Most common symptom was pedal edema 180(85.7%), while 125(59.5%) had chest paint, and 125(59.5%) had fatigue. On evaluation of comorbidities, 148(70.4%) had hypertension, 130(61.9%) had diabetes mellitus, 77(36.6%) had hypothyroidism, 30(14.2%) had chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mean follow up period was 6.5±3.4 in years with 68(32.3%) deaths. Age ≥65 years (p<0.0001), hypertension (p=0.01), diabetes mellitus (p=0.03), alcohol consumption (p<0.0001), CKD (p= 0.0005) and thyroid dysfunction (p=0.0008) were significantly associated with mortality on univariate analysis. Cox regression analysis showed significant association of age > 65 years (odds:2.51;95% CI: 1.81-4.56), hypertension (odds:1.81;95% CI:1.41-3.21), diabetes mellitus (odds:1.51;95%CI: 1.32-3.25), alcohol consumption (odds:3.72;95%CI: 1.98-7.82) and thyroid dysfunction (odds:2.41;95%CI: 1.54-4.59) with mortality.

Conclusion: DCM had mortality rate of 32.3% in our study. Age≥65 years, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, and thyroid dysfunction were independently associated with mortality.

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